Adoption of Technology Enabled Agricultural Extension Services by Kenya’s Youthful Farmers

Abstract

Agricultural extension services are vital for ending hunger, achieving food security, and improving nutrition. The integration of Information and Communication Technologies has enhanced the reach, efficiency and effectiveness of these services. This study examined the factors influencing the adoption of Technology-Enabled Agricultural Extension Services (TEAES) among youth farmers in Kenya, guided by the Technology Acceptance Model. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, involving 325 young women and 243 young men who provided data through structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for analysis. The findings revealed that gender, education level, access to digital devices, and internet connectivity influenced TEAES adoption, with education level emerging as the most critical determinant. Youth farmers expressed a strong preference for blended delivery models, indicating a willingness to engage with digital platforms when infrastructural and socio-demographic conditions are favorable. The study concludes that TEAS adoption is shaped not only by technological availability but also by digital literacy, access barriers, and inclusivity in design. It recommends targeted digital literacy initiatives, improved digital infrastructure, provision of affordable devices, and the development of inclusive, mobile-friendly content tailored to the needs of young women and underserved rural communities.