Leveraging Indigenous Agricultural Practices for Climate Change Resilience in Kenya: A Case of Mogotio Sub-County, Baringo

Abstract

Indigenous agricultural practices, refined over generations, present viable solutions for strengthening climate change resilience. However, limited research exists on their effectiveness in mitigating climate impacts in Mogotio sub-County. This study aimed to assess the role of indigenous agricultural methods in enhancing climate resilience in Mogotio sub-County, Baringo, Kenya. A descriptive survey research design was adopted, targeting 384 households selected through stratified and simple random sampling techniques. Primary data were collected using household questionnaires. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis, while quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including logit regression analysis. The findings revealed that drought-resistant crop varieties (43.2%), indigenous livestock breeds (25%), water conservation techniques (15.9%), and indigenous seeds (15.9%) were the major indigenous practices used to cope with climate variability. Respondents reported that indigenous practices improved agricultural yields through increased resistance of indigenous livestock breeds to harsh climatic conditions (46.2%), maintenance of production during dry seasons (27%), faster crop maturity (15%), and reduced production costs (12%). Logit regression results showed that coping with reduced rainfall (odds ratio = 2.11, p = 0.004), perceived improvement in agricultural yields through indigenous practices (odds ratio = 3.32, p = 0.001), and community knowledge sharing (odds ratio = 2.59, p = 0.002) significantly enhanced climate change resilience. The study concludes that indigenous agricultural practices and community knowledge systems play a significant role in strengthening climate resilience in Mogotio sub-County. The study recommends increased awareness programs on the benefits of indigenous agricultural practices and greater support from county and national governments through subsidized indigenous seeds, livestock breeds, and farming inputs suited to local climatic conditions.